Biodiversity is the the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem. The number of species of plants, animals, and microorganisms, the enormous diversity of genes in these species, the different ecosystems on the planet, such as deserts, rainforests and coral reefs are all part of a biologically diverse Earth.
- More species of plants and animals.
- More diversity means more resources.
- Keeps pollution at bay (to a certain degree).
- Extinction risks decrease.
- Could lead to the use of renewable energy.
- More sustainable ecosystems.
- It can get quite expensive to protect the high number of endangered species...that wouldn’t be endangered...if there was more biodiversity.
- Also the earth could actually die.
The richer the diversity of life, the greater the opportunity for medical discoveries, economic development, and adaptive responses to such new challenges as climate change.
Concerns about coral reefs have been raised for many years. They are integral to the well being of the oceans, similar to what trees provide for humans. Under the threat of decreasing biodiversity, coral reefs would not be able to Protect shores from the impact of waves and from storms, provide benefits to humans in the form of food and medicine or provide economic benefits to local communities from tourism.
The rapid climate change and accelerating biodiversity loss risks human security (e.g. a major change in the food chain upon which we depend, water sources may change, recede or disappear, medicines and other resources we rely on may be harder to obtain as the plants and fauna they are derived from may reduce or disappear, etc.).
A healthy biodiversity provides a number of natural services for everyone. The cost of replacing these (if possible) would be extremely expensive. It therefore makes economic and development sense to move towards sustainability. And as we start destroying, reducing and isolating habitats, the chances for interaction from species with a large gene pool decreases.
-Protection of water resources
-Soils formation and protection
-Nutrient storage and recycling
-Pollution breakdown and absorption
-Contribution to climate stability
-Maintenance of ecosystems
-Recovery from unpredictable events
-Food
-Medicinal resources and pharmaceutical drugs
-Wood products
-Ornamental plants
-Breeding stocks, population reservoirs
-Future resources
-Diversity in genes, species and ecosystems
While there might be “survival of the fittest” within a given species, each species depends on the services provided by other species to ensure survival. It is a type of cooperation based on mutual survival and is often what a “balanced ecosystem” refers to. This ties into the importance and relevance of the Nitrogen, Phosophorus and Carbon cycles.